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- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV IVEIGELIN, OF STUTTGART, GERMANY.

DRYING-ROOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 460,298, datedSeptember 29, 1891.

Application filed May 1, 1891. Serial No. 391,237. (No model.) Patentedin Austria-Hungary November 19, 1890, Not. 37,254

- and No. 59,878.

. have obtained a patent in Austria-Hungary November 19, 1890, No.37,254 and No. 59,878,)

of which the following is a specification.

.My invention serves the purpose of arti-.

ficially drying moist masses, earths, freshlyformed stone, andearthenware in order that the operation of brick-making establishments,potteries, and cement factories may be continued without interruptionthroughout the entire year, and therefore, also, in winter when climaticconditions make it difficult or impossible to dry in the open air.

The object of the invention is to utilize to its fullest possible extentthe fuel employed.

It is also my object to complete the drying process in a short time,while at the same time the cracking of the stones to be dried will beavoided. This result is attained by causing the bodies to be dried to beheated in gradual stages from chamber to chamber, and, moreover, byintroducing the heating gases and smoke which are to carry out thedrying process from above. The generated vapo s are thus absorbed by thesmoke and carried to the chimney.

Figurel represents a vertical transverse section of the drying-roomtaken on the broken lineJ H, Fig. 3; Fig. 2, a longitudinal sectiontaken on broken line A D, Fig. 3 Fig. 3, a sectional plan in whichchambers I, VIII, IV, and V are taken 011 the broken line B M, Fig. 1,while chambers II and VII are taken on the broken line P 0; Fig. 4, alongitudinal vertical central section on line E F, Figs. 1 and 3; andFig. 5, a detail view showing the arrangement of the slides in the flueZ.

As shown, my drying apparatus is preferably in the form of an oblongkiln provided with a central and common passage 7), communicating withall the drying-chambers I, II, III, 850., and adapted to be shut off.

The chambers a, arranged to the right and left of the central passage1), are provided with hearths or fire-boxes c, which are charged fromthe central passage. The fire is con ducted from the fire-boxes 0 intothe fines (I d, which are covered with iron plates, and through theseunder the floor and through vertically-ascending continuations of theseflues into the drying-chamber, the vertical continuations being providedwith dischargeopenings directly under the arched ceiling of the chamber.The products of combustion impart their heat to the chamber, and, havingbeen saturated with the watery vapors arising from the moist charge ofthe material to be dried, depart through smoke-flue 6, enterin g thesmoke-collector g, and thence passing into the open air through chimney7L. The passages between the flues e and thesmoke-collectors g arecontrolled by dampers or valves g. The central passage 19 is directlyconnected with the open air by means of the flue n. (See particularlyFigs. 1 and 3.) The central passage may, moreover, be brought intocirculating connection with each chamber by means of th e openings onm,which are adapted to be closed, for example, by means of doors m Theadjoining chambers a care provided with the perforated or slotted floorsa, upon which the material to be dried is placed, and they are connectedby circulating openings or ports 11 'i, situated close to the floor andthe arched roof and adapted to be tightly closed by slides, (indicatedat t.) As will be noted, the lower ports 2' are beneath the open orslotted floor a. In order to establish a circulation extending throughthe entire system of chambers, the two chambers at each end of the kilnor drier at the right and left of the central passage communicate bymeans of fluesZ Z, adapted to be closed by means of slides and valves,(indicated at Z The fireboxes are connected by means of the due orchannel 19.

As already stated, the drying is carried out in the four chambers, whichfor the time being constitute a complete series, by a rise oftemperature in graduated stepsin the respective chambers, so that of thefour chambers one alone is actually heated and one is cooling off, whilethe two others derive their heat from the one actuallyheated and thechamber cooling off. For example, when chamber VIII is cooling off (byvirtue of the circulation of the air from the central air-passagethrough said chamber VIII, the doors m of openings m and on havingpreviously been opened) and chamber I is heated, the adjoining chamberII, which has already received a gentle preliminary heating, derives itsheat from chamber I through the ports or openings i t, while the stillunheated chamber III receives its heat by the influx of the'surplus heatfrom chamber VIII (because the same is being cooled off) passing throughopening m at the top of said chamber VIII and opening into the passage1). This heat passes into the closed passage or flue b, and thence intochamber III by another port on opening into this chamber. The heated airpassing from chamber III proceeds downwardly through the heating-fines dd and fire-box 0 into the flue p, and is thence conducted to thefire-box c of the heated chamber to supportthe combustion.

- The chamber III hence receives its preliminary heat by means of airheated through cooling of chamber VIII, while chamber II, which hasalready passed through this stage of the heating process, receives asecond rise in temperature by circulation of heated air from chamber I,and chamber I finally receives the highest degree of heat from the firein the hearth.

In the same way that the chambers VIII, I, II, and III form an operativeseries the chambers IV, V, VI, and VII co-operate by cooling IV, heatingV, and preliminarily heating to a greater degree in VI and to a lessdegree in VII. WVhen the chambers VIII and IV have been cooled, they areemptied and then freshly charged. I andV are then in turn cooled, whileII and VI are heated, and so on. The process advances one chamber ateach step. Of course any desired number of chambers may be employed,according as required. It is, moreover, not necessary to have exactlyfour chambers in each operative series; but according to the nature ofthe matter to be dried and the percentage of water contained in thesame, as well as its sensitiveness to cracking, the number of chambersmay be correspondingly increased by one or more chambers, or the rise oftemperature in the heated chamber may be increased or diminished,thesame to be governed always by the saturation of the vapors to anadvantageous degree.

15y carrying the energetically-acting ventilation over the moist chargeinstead of through the same the danger of cracking in sensitive articlesis removed. The more slowly acting circulation is not prejudicial to thearticles and may be regulated, moreover, by the slides. The continuityof the heating flue being broken by the'chamber permits a great portionof the heat to be withdrawn from the smoke in spite of its short path,inasmuch as it yields its heat much faster by direct contact with thechamber-walls than if the same transmitted its heat through the walls ofthe heating-tubes. The direct introduction of the products of combustioninto the chambers, moreover, enables the articles to be .dried withoutthe direct admixture of air, inasmuch as the products of combustiondirectly absorb and carry off the Watery vapors. The introduction,warming, and passage of large quantities of air are thereby dispensedwith and a great saving of fuel is also effected.

The management of two series of chambers with a central passage adaptedto be closed,

together with the other heating-flue and regulating arrangements,permits of the most complete, utilization of the fuel, and especiallyalso the recovery of the heat from the dried stones, 850.

Only by the complete exploitation and utilization of the heat which myarrangement offers is it profitable to employ artificial dryingprocesses in practice.

That I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a dryingapparatus, the combination of a series of chambers, each chambercommunicating at top and bottom with the succeeding chamber and providedwith valves to separately control the communication, with a commonpassage communicating with all the chambers at top and bottom, means forseparately controlling such communications, and means for separatelyheating the various chambers, substantially as set forth.

2. In a drying apparatus, a series of chambers provided at top andbottom with slidecontrolled ports between the successive chambers,fire-boxes beneath each chamber, flues leading from the fire-boxes to apoint near the top of the chambers, and valve-controlled smoke-finesleading from the chambers to the chimney, in combination with a commonpassage connected with the outer air and communicating with eachseparate chamber by valve-controlled upper and lower openings,substantially as set forth.

3. In a drying apparatus, the combination of the following parts: acentral passage communicating with the outer air, two series of chambersarranged at opposite sides thereof and communicating with each othersuccessively by valve-controlled ports at top and bottom and with thecentral passage by doorcontrolled ports, also at top and bottom,fireboxes beneath the separate chambers, smokeflues leading therefrominto the chambers near the top thereof, and valve-controlled exitsmoke-fines leading from each separate chamber, substantially as setforth.

4. In a drying apparatus, the combination of the following parts: aseries of dryingchambers having ports, as t, at top and bottom in theirdividing-walls, and slides, as '5, controlling the same,a common passagecommunicatin g with the same by door-controlled ports and also with theouter air, fire-boxes In testimony whereof I have signed this beneaththe chambers provided with fines, as specification in the presence oftwo subscrib- 10 (Z, arranged below the floors of the chambers ingWitnesses.

and extending upward to exits near the top 5 of the chambers, fiues, as1), connecting the WEIGELIN' several fire-boxes, and flues, as e,leading from Witnesses: the top of the chambers to the chimney,snb-AUGUSTE B. DRANTZ,

stantially as set forth. FRIEDRICH ZIMERMANN.

